Top Section 101 Patent Eligibility Stories of 2020
Light a fire, pour yourself some glogg (21+) and find a comfy corner to read about the biggest Section 101 stories of 2020 because we're gonna have the hap-hap-happiest time since Bing Crosby tap-danced with . . . Well, you know the rest. It's going to be fun.
Before we get to the list, here are a few honorable mentions:
- The Federal Circuit reiterates that a patent owner's purported technological solution must be claimed in order to survive a Section 101 inquiry.
- The USPTO occasionally publishes certain PTAB decisions as precedential or informative, including Ex parte Linden in which the claimed invention was directed to "state-of-the-art speech recognition systems using end-to-end deep learning."
- And a personal favorite: The Eastern District of New York held that two patents claiming content players that provide information that relates to content were directed to invalid abstract ideas under Section 101.
No. 3: Section 101 Continues to Develop for Pharmaceutical and Life Science Patents
In a pair of decisions earlier this year, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit applied the two-step Alice framework to life science patents. While the Boehringer v. Mylan ruling felt like a straightforward decision following Vanda, the later Illumina v. Ariosa case provided significant discussion, along with a Circuit Judge Jimmie Reyna dissent. In that decision, the court ultimately held that while the claimed methods utilize the natural phenomenon discovered by the inventors, they employed a physical process step to selectively remove fragments of cell-free fetal DNA and were therefore patent eligible under step one of the Alice/Mayo test, and step two of the Alice test need not be considered.
The appellate court determined that the claimed methods include specific process steps of selectively removing larger DNA fragments to change the composition of the mixture from the naturally occurring ratio in the mother's blood and that doing so achieves more than simply observing that fetal DNA is shorter than maternal DNA or detecting the presence of that phenomenon. The court used this basis to distinguish the instant claims from the invalid ones previously considered in the Mayo, Athena and Cleveland Clinic decisions, which were all directed to simply detect a natural phenomenon.
Read more: Section 101 Update: Pharmaceutical and Life Sciences March 2020
No. 2: U.S. Supreme Court Continues to Ignore Section 101
There was much discussion this year about whether Section 101 would be reformed or reimagined. With the U.S. Congress having its hands full this year, much of the focus was on the U.S. Supreme Court, specifically whether the highest court in the land would take on a Section 101 case. They didn't.
Read more:
- U.S. Supreme Court Denies Pending Patent Eligibility Petitions
- Supreme Court Declines to Hear Section 101 Patent Eligibility (Again)
- U.S. Supreme Court Declines to Hear Another Section 101 Case
No. 1: American Axle v. Neapco (Again)
This was No. 2 on last year's list and, somehow, it not only made this year's list but moved to No. 1! This year, the focus was on American Axle's petition for rehearing en banc being denied with an evenly divided six-to-six vote.
This split en banc ruling, along with the concurring opinion and three separate dissenting opinions, only underscored the disagreements within the court. Chief Judge Sharon Prost, along with Judges Timothy Dyk, Evan Wallach, Richard Taranto, Raymond Chen and Todd Hughes, all joined in the denial of the en banc petition, while Judges Kimberly Moore, Alan David Lourie, Pauline Newman, Kathleen O'Malley, Jimmie Reyna and Kara Farnandez Stoll dissented from the denial.
Once again, Judge Moore offered a blistering dissent, arguing that the majority followed a "chimeric approach to § 101 which is inconsistent with precedent, a vast expansion of § 101, and bound to cause confusion in future cases."
Read more:
- A "Bitterly Divided" Federal Circuit Declines to Stay Decision Invalidating Car Driveshaft Patent
- Federal Circuit Narrows its Prior Decision; Court is Still Torn on Section 101 Patent Eligibility
- Bloomberg Law: There is a lack of consensus among stakeholders on patent eligibility reform
- A Federal Circuit Quarrel: Patent Eligibility, Enablement and a Fiery Dissent
Did I miss a top story? Have a good glogg recipe? Let me know at anthony.fuga@hklaw.com
As always, thank you for reading the blog this year. I hope you and your families have a great holiday season. We'll be back in 2021!
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